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Tuesday, September 28, 2010

SALT - TYPES OF SALT


TELUGU
ENGLISH
HINDI
IMAGE
INFO
ఉప్పు
(Uppu)
Salt
Namak
*
Table salt is the most commonly used salt. It is a fine-grained and looks the same in appearance as fine grained sea salt
కల్లు ఉప్పు
(Kallu uppu)
Sea salt
(or)
White crystal salt
Saindha Namak
*
Sea salt is produced by evaporating sea water. Sea salt comes in fine-grained or larger crystals
నల్ల ఉప్పు 
(Nalla uppu)
Black salt
Kala namak
*
It's more tan than black, and has a very strong, sulfuric flavor
నిమ్మ ఉప్పు 
(Nimma uppu)
Sour salt
(or)
Citric acid
*
Sour salt is not salt at all but it is citric acid. It is used to add an extra tart flavor to sour dough and rye breads. It may be used in canning to prevent fruit from turning dark.
Iodized Salt
*
Iodized salt is just table salt with Iodine added.
Kosher Salt (coarse-grained salt)
*
Kosher salt is additive-free coarse-grained salt. It is used in the production of Kosher meats to draw blood out of the meat and melts easily and is lighter
Lite salt (coarse-grained salt)
Lite salt is a reduced sodium salt mixture for every use. It looks, cooks, and taste like regular salt but 50% less sodium (makes better for health). it is a a mixture of salt and potassium & chloride substance.
Pickling salt (OR)
Canning salt
(coarse-grained salt)
*
Pickling salt is fine-grained salt that does not contain iodine or anti-caking preservatives which cause darkened pickles and cloudy brine.
Popcorn salt
*
This is just a superfine, flakier crystal version of table salt
Pretzels salt
*
A large-grained salt that does not melt quickly. The preferred salt for pretzels, salted bread sticks.
Rock salt
Sindaa namak
*
Rock Salt - Is a large crystal salt that is a slightly grayish color. It is less refined and still contains minerals that are removed from normal table salt. Rock salt is has a few culinary uses such as in mechanical ice cream makers and in Indian chats.
Smoked salt (coarsed)
*
It actually been smoked with specialty woods. This smoked flavoring salt used on meats, fish or vegetables.
Seasoned salt (coarsed)
*
It is regular table salt blended with other herbs such as celery, onion, and garlic.

Monday, September 27, 2010

SUGAR - TYPES OF SUGAR


Telugu
English
Hindi
Image
Info
పంచదార
Panchadara
Sugar 
(or)
Table Sugar (or) 
White sugar (or)
Granulated Sugar
Shakkar, Chini, Cheeni

This sugar we found in every home’s sugar bowl, and most commonly used in home food preparation.
పంచదార
చిప్స్
Panchadara chips
Sugar Crystals
Misri
*
బెల్లం
Bellam
Sugarcane Jaggery
Gur
*
It is made from Sugarcane juice
తాటి బెల్లం
Tatti Bellam
Palm Jaggery
Khejur Gur
*
The extract of palm tree is boiled at high temperature for hours. And the concentrated liquid is poured into molds to dry.
చెరుకు
Cheruku
Sugar Cane

*

Sucanat
(or)
Unrefined sugar 
(or)
Unrefined Raw sugar

*
Unrefined raw sugar is made from the juice from the sugar cane plant. Unrefined sugar retains some nutrients because it has been only partially refined or not refined at all

Lite Brown Sugar

*
Brown sugar is white sugar combined with molasses, which gives it a soft texture.The lighter the brown sugar, the more delicate the flavor.

Dark Brown sugar

*
Brown sugar is white sugar combined with molasses, which gives it a soft texture.Very dark or old-fashioned brown sugar has a more intense molasses flavor.
పంచదార పొడి
Panchadara Podi


Icing Sugar 
(or) Confectioners (or)
Powdered Sugar

*
sugar is granulated sugar ground to a smooth powder and then sifted. It contains about 3% cornstarch. 10X – is the finest powder used in icings, confections and whipping cream.

Fruit Sugar


Fruit sugar is slightly finer than “regular” sugar and much sweeter than regular one and  it is used in dry mixes such as gelatin and pudding desserts, and powdered drinks.

Sugar Cubes

*
They are made from moist granulated sugar that is pressed into molds and     then dried.

Sanding Sugar (or)
Coarse Sugar

*
A large crystal sugar that is used mainly in the baking and confectionery industries as a sprinkle on top of baked     goods. The large crystals reflect light and give the product a sparkling appearance.

Superfine Sugar (or)
Ultra Fine Sugar 
(or)
Bar Sugar 
(or)
Castor Sugar

*
This sugar is finest of all the types of granulated white sugar.It is used in textured cakes and meringues, sweetening fruits and iced-drinks since it dissolves easily.

Artificial sweetneers 
(or) 
Sugar Free

*
The purpose for using an artificial sweetener is generally to replace sugar and reduce calories.


Sugar and Calories Chart.


SUGAR (serving size)

Calories

Table sugar, 1 level tsp (4g)
15
Table sugar, 1 heaped tsp (6g)
25
Table sugar, 1cup
770
Table sugar, average 1 cube
25
Icing sugar, average tablespoon (12g)
48


Guide for Baking with less Sugar

 

FOR EVERY CUP OF FLOUR
Cake and cookies
1 cup sugar
Muffins and quick breads
1 tbsp sugar
Yeast Bread
1 tsp

Volume to Weight conversions


  • Brown sugar 1 cup = 48 teaspoons ~ 195 g = 6.88 oz
  • Granular sugar 1 cup = 48 teaspoons ~ 200 g = 7.06 oz
  • Powdered sugar 1 cup = 48 teaspoons ~ 120 g = 4.23 oz
Table of Equivalent Amount of Artificial Sugar


Granulated Sugar
1/4 cup
1/3 cup
1/2 cup
1 cup
Artificial Sweetener
(SWEET’N LOW)
2 tsps
2 1/2 tsps
4tsps
8tsps

Note:
  • Use standard household measuring spoons and level measurements.
  • level measurement i.e...Spoon the measuring spoon into sugar sweetener, then leveling off with the back of a knife
 

Wednesday, September 8, 2010

CUP TO GRAMS

  • Dry ounce : 1 cup = 200gms
  • Fluid ounce : 1 cup = 240 ml = 8 fl oz = 1/2 pint (liq) = 16 tbsp = 48 tsp 
                            It depends what you have in the cup. A cup is a measure of volume, but a gram is a measure of mass. A cup of water will weigh more than a cup of flour.
 
Here are a few common foods and their conversion from cups to grams:

Granulated sugar1 cup = 200 grams
Brown sugar1 cup, packed = 220 grams
Sifted white flour1 cup = 125 grams
White rice, uncooked1 cup = 185 grams
White rice, cooked1 cup = 175 grams
Butter1 cup = 227 grams
Almonds1 cup = 108 grams
Oil1 cup = 224 grams
Maple syrup1 cup = 322 grams
Milk, non-fat1 cup = 245 grams
Milk, sweetened condensed1 cup = 306 grams
Broccoli, flowerets1 cup = 71 grams
Raisins1 cup, packed = 165 grams
Milk, dry1 cup = 68 grams
Yogurt1 cup = 245 grams
Water1 cup = 236 grams
Confectioners sugar1 cup = 110 grams
Cocoa1 cup = 125 grams


BASMATI RICE


Quantity advice :
  • 50g uncooked rice per person when serving as an accompaniment.
  • 40g, when mixed with other ingredients
  • 75g, when served as main meal.
Cooking Instructions :
  • For best result soak rice in cold water for 20-30minutes before cooking.
  1. Open pot cooking: Rice should add to boiling water and cooked for 10minutes in medium heat. Finally strain and wash in hot water.
  2. Closed pot cooking: The mixture of water and rice ratio (1 3/4 : 1) should be boiled in heavy based vessel and then cooked for 10minutes covered with lid in low heat. Allow 5minutes for cooling.
  3. Microwave cooking: the mixture of water and rice (1 3/4 :1) in deep vessel and covered. Power level at 7% for 15minutes. 300g of rice is recommended at a time.

No of persons
3-4 persons
5-6 persons
8-10 persons
Amount of uncooked rice
200g
300g
500g
Volume of water (method 1)
1.25 ltr
1.8 ltr
2.7 ltr
Volume of water (method 2/3)
350 mls
550 mls
900 mls
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